Pathways for Decarbonising Romania’s Economy

As part of implementing the emissions reduction targets outlined in the European Green Deal, Romania has adopted its Long-Term Strategy (LTS) for Decarbonisation until 2050 and is currently revising its National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). To support Romania in finalising these strategies, Carbon-Free Europe (CFE), in partnership with Evolved Energy Research and the Energy Policy Group (EPG), have developed a detailed energy systems model to outline clear steps Romania can take to hit its 2030, 2040, and 2050 climate targets while driving economic growth.

This analysis explores multiple decarbonisation pathways for Romania, considering combinations of all carbon-free technologies and policies that can guide Romania towards climate neutrality. The study highlights key measures for policymakers and broader stakeholders  to consider  including expanding clean energy capacities, electrifying key sectors, reducing final energy consumption, and limiting natural gas investments.

Romania’s energy landscape is currently characterised by its reliance on coal and natural gas, making the transition to clean energy a complex challenge. To meet the EU’s ambitious climate targets, including a 55% reduction in net greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, the country will need to accelerate its shift to clean energy, increase energy efficiency, and invest in new technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) and hydrogen. Deploying and expanding CCS and hydrogen infrastructure by 2030 and beyond will play a critical role in decarbonising Romania’s industry and ensuring energy security. 

With the right combination of clean technologies and policies, Romania can not only decarbonise its economy in line with the EU’s net-zero commitments, but ensure continued economic growth and durable energy security. This study provides Romania with insights into realistic pathways to meet climate targets, offering clear, data-driven scenarios. For more detailed analysis, click here for the full policy paper, and deep dives on CCS and hydrogen.

To explore all of our results, see below the full data Tableau.